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Levitra is an oral therapy for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. This monohydrochloride salt of vardenafil is a selective inhibitor of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP(cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate))-specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5(Phosphodiesterase type 5)).
How does Levitra® work?
Penile erection is a hemodynamic process initiated by the relaxation of smooth muscle in the corpus cavernosum and its associated arterioles. During sexual stimulation, nitric oxide is released from nerve endings and endothelial cells in the corpus cavernosum. Nitric oxide activates the enzyme guanylate cyclase resulting in increased synthesis of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP(cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate)) in the smooth muscle cells of the corpus cavernosum. The cGMP(cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate) in turn triggers smooth muscle relaxation, allowing increased blood flow into the penis, resulting in erection. The tissue concentration of cGMP(cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate) is regulated by both the rates of synthesis and degradation via phosphodiesterases (PDE(Phosphodiesterase)s). The most abundant PDE(Phosphodiesterase) in the human corpus cavernosum is the cGMP(cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate)-specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5(Phosphodiesterase type 5)); therefore, the inhibition of PDE5(Phosphodiesterase type 5) enhances erectile function by increasing the amount of cGMP(cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate). Because sexual stimulation is required to initiate the local release of nitric oxide, the inhibition of PDE5(Phosphodiesterase type 5) has no effect in the absence of sexual stimulation.
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